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1.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(79):33765-33780
This work investigates selective Ni locations over Ni/CeZrOx–Al2O3 catalysts at different Ni loading contents and their influences on reaction pathways in ethanol steam reforming (ESR). Depending on the Ni loading contents, the added Ni selectively interacts with CeZrOx–Al2O3, resulting in the stepwise locations of Ni over CeZrOx–Al2O3. This behavior induces a remarkable difference in hydrogen production and coke formation in ESR. The selective interaction between Ni and CeZrOx for 10-wt.% Ni generates more oxygen vacancies in the CeZrOx lattice. The Ni sites near the oxygen vacancies enhance reforming via steam activation, resulting in the highest hydrogen production rate of 1863.0 μmol/gcat·min. In contrast, for 15 and 20-wt.% Ni, excessive Ni is additionally deposited on Al2O3 after the saturation of Ni–CeZrOx interactions. These Ni sites on Al2O3 accelerate coking from the ethylene produced on the acidic sites, resulting in a high coke amount of 19.1 mgc/gcat·h (20Ni/CZ-Al). 相似文献
2.
Sehar Tasleem Muhammad Tahir Wesam Alsayeh Khalifa 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(27):14148-14189
Photocatalytic H2 generation using semiconductor photocatalysts is considered as a cost-effective and eco-friendly technology for solar to energy conversion; however, the present photocatalysts have been recognized to depict low efficiency. Currently, porous coordination polymers known as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) constituting flexible and modifiable porous structure and having excess active sites are considered to be appropriate for photocatalytic H2 production. This review highlights current progress in structural development of MOF materials along with modification strategies for enhanced photoactivity. Initially, the review discusses the photocatalytic H2 production mechanism with the concepts of thermodynamics and mass transfer with particular focus on MOFs. Elaboration of the structural categories of MOFs into Type I, Type II, Type III and classification of MOFs for H2 generation into transition metal based, post-transition metal based, noble-metal based and hetero-metal based has been systematically discussed. The review also critically deliberate various modification approaches of band engineering, improvement of charge separation, efficient irradiation utilization and overall efficiency of MOFs including metal modification, heterojunction formation, Z-scheme formation, by introducing electron mediator, and dye based composites. Also, the MOF synthesized derivatives for photocatalytic H2 generation are elaborated. Finally, future perspectives of MOFs for H2 generation and approaches for efficiency improvement have been suggested. 相似文献
3.
《矿业科学技术学报(英文版)》2021,31(3):429-437
In this article an attempt to determine the influence of mining factors on the seismic activity during the longwall mining of the upper layer of coal seam no. 405/2 in one of the Polish hard coal mines in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin was conducted. Two longwall panels were mined in analogous geological conditions and based on the same mining system and technology. However, there was significant difference with regards to the mining factors, which was reflected in the observed seismic activity. Some tools used in mining seismology were applied to illustrate the aforementioned influence of mining factors, e.g. the frequency-energy distribution, the frequency-magnitude distribution, the 2 D distribution of released seismic energy, the relationship between released seismic energy and the volume of mined coal, the Benioff strain release, and the Gutenberg-Richter(GR) b coefficient distribution(b is the proportion between high and low energy tremors). Concerning the Benioff strain release, a new solution, based on the slope of a fitted line in a moving time window, is proposed. 相似文献
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针对煤矿井下高瓦斯软煤顺层长钻孔排渣困难、成孔率低、施工困难等问题,通过数值模拟实验研究了井下深部软煤体变形破坏特征,分析了顺层长钻孔孔周松软煤体变形特征及应力变化,以揭示顺层长钻孔孔周松软煤体变形产渣规律。研究表明:深部高瓦斯软煤顺层钻孔孔周煤体的应力平衡临界条件破坏后将发生大体积突然垮落;钻孔水平最大变形位移为1.22mm,垂直方向最大变形位移为10.7mm;径向孔周煤体垂向变形呈现逐渐减小趋势,且垂向变形明显大于钻孔水平变形。在水平方向上,钻孔孔周煤体应力分布呈现先增大再逐渐减小的变化规律,径向距离对水平应力分布的影响逐渐减小;随着径向距离的增加,钻孔孔周煤体应力分布逐渐降低,钻孔孔壁处煤体的应力出现最大值,且垂直方向处应力值最大。 相似文献
6.
通过馏分切割、温和加氢相结合对中低温煤焦油进行精制处理,精制后的原料采用分级热聚制备中间相炭微球。考察了精制处理条件对原料性质、中间相炭微球宏观外貌及微晶结构的影响。采用FTIR、GC-MS、族组成、元素分析对原料进行表征,采用SEM、XRD对中间相炭微球进行表征。结果表明:中低温煤焦油中300~430℃馏分油是制备中间相炭微球的较佳馏分。300~430℃馏分油中正庚烷可溶物(HS)质量分数高达84.76%,吡啶不溶物(PI)质量分数低至0.23%,杂原子含量低,芳烃化合物的环数为2~4环。300~430℃馏分油在TH=350℃、p=8MPa、t=1.5h、剂油比1∶40(质量比)的条件下温和加氢得到的精制原料,经420℃热聚6h得制备的中间相炭微球宏观外貌、微晶结构较好。中低温煤焦油基炭微球的粒径范围为5~15μm,小球表面光滑,微观结构为地球仪型,经1450℃高温煅烧后,石墨化度达到12.33%。 相似文献
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为了极大限度地提高本煤层预抽效果,以马兰煤矿为研究对象,针对目前马兰煤矿的瓦斯赋存情况和现阶段所采取的抽放措施,从抽放钻孔的孔径、孔深、布置方式、封孔质量和增加煤层透气性等方面进行探索。实践表明,以上方法的运用,能够有效地提高本煤层预抽抽放效果,保证工作面安全生产。 相似文献
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